Здравствуйте! Помогите, пожалуйста, перевести текст по английскому. System of Higner Education in the UK. Education affer 16 is voluntary in the... - вопрос №1442458

United Kingdom. Students who live in England, Wales and Northern Ireland must take the examinations receive the Scottish Certificate of Education. Affer taking these exams students can choose to stay on at school or enter some college of further education. There is no national system of higher education in the UK. Every university is autonomous, self-governing and responsible only to its governing body. They are guaranteed academic independence. The rules of teaching differ from university to university. Funding for education and scientific research is provided by funding councils set up by Parlament. The universities can be divided into three types: the old Universities (Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburg Universities), the 19 th century univesities such as London and Manchester Universities, and the new universities. The number of universities jumped in 1992 when politechnics and some other higner educational establishments were given the rignt to become universities. By the end of 1994 there were some 90 universities almost half of them former politechnics including the Open Universities.The two oldest universities of Great Britain are Oxford and Cambridge. Many of the colleges of Oxford and Caimbridge were founded in the 12 th and 13 th centuries. All other universities in Britain wewre founded in 19 th and 20 th century when technicians, scientists and economists were needed with the rapid development of industry. The older universities didn t produce them therefore technical colleges and modern universities were set up in industrial centres, e.g. in London, Manchester, Leeds, Sheffield, ect. The open University, based in Milton Keynes, England, was founded in 1969. It uses extension techniqiues of correspondence courses, television and radio programmes, and videocassettes, supported by local study centres and residential summer schools to provide hieducation opportunities to a wide variety of people. The teaching at the universities is based on the tutorial system as well as lectures. Every student has a tutor who decides what lectures the student must attend, recommends books for reading, discusses and criticizes their written works and knows all about his discipline inside and outside the college. All lectures and examination are organized by The University authorities. The college provides for residence and tutoring. The academic year in Britain is divided into three terms which usually run from October to December, from January to March and from April to June. Examinations are held at the end of the course of the studies. About 90 per cent of students got state grants to cover tuition fees and living costs. This grant depends on the income of their parents. Parents with higner incomes are expected to make a contribution. Since 1990, however, grants have been frozen; students can apply for a student loan which has to be paid back. As the higner education in Great Britain is not free of charge, most students have to work during their vacations and in the evenings.

апрель 7, 2015 г.